1. Record the Symptoms
- machine encounter error what?
- Does the fault occur during startup, no-load operation, or machining?
- error contact continue or not stable?
- Is there an Alarm or warning code?
- Was there a collision, power loss, overheating, component replacement, or parameter change beforehand?
Do not rely only on an error code; record the symptoms and identify the immediate cause of the problem.
2. Check Safety
Put the machine in a safe state, stop the program, and isolate energy sources when necessary. Do not open the electrical cabinet or intervene in hazardous components until safe conditions are confirmed.
3. Check From the Outside In
First check the electrical supply, air, water cooling, vacuum, Emergency Stop, sensors, cables, and machine-head connections from the outside. Then inspect the electrical cabinet, drives, servos, motors, control wiring, and mechanical assembly.
4. Narrow Down the Problem by Symptoms
The Machine Does Not Start
Check the electrical supply → circuit breaker/protection → laser-source control → Emergency Stop → safety circuit → controller and laser-source connections.
Machine Alarm Report
Record the Alarm code, time of occurrence, related axis/component, and the operation that triggered the fault. Check the machine technical documentation.
The Machine Runs but Is Inaccurate
Check the drive motors, linear guide rails, ball screws/rack-and-pinion, couplings, loose fasteners, servo/encoder feedback, machine squareness, and positioning accuracy.
5. Laser
Check the Cutting Head, protective lens, nozzle, ceramic ring, assist gas, chiller, height sensor, fume extraction, drive motors, laser source, and cutting parameters.
6. CNC and CNC Vibrating Knife
Check the spindle or knife head, blade/holder, linear guide rails, ball screws, rack-and-pinion, servo/motor, sensors, compressed air, vacuum, electrical cabinet, and control parameters.
7. Identify the Root Cause
analyze type according to:electrical – mechanical – optical/Laser – air/water – control – operation.
8. Repair and Test
Do not replace components based solely on burn marks. After addressing the root cause, perform a no-load test followed by a loaded test, and verify cutting performance, material condition, temperature, noise, vibration, and repeatability.
Overall Diagnostic Process
Do not diagnose by guesswork, replace components solely from sensor readings, or remove parts without identifying the root cause.